{"kind":"task","effective_mode":"full","benchmark":{"kind":"benchmark","effective_mode":"full","slug":"mmlu","formal_name":"MMLU","introduction":"MMLU asks four-way multiple-choice questions across 57 subjects, from elementary material to professional-level examinations. Since 2020 it has been the most widely cited single reference point for general capability.","introduction_ja":"","introduction_en":"","category":"Category not supplied","task_count":null,"acquisition_status":"Acquisition status not supplied","official_url":"https://github.com/hendrycks/test","indexing_mode":"index","profile":{"resources":[],"task_format":"","scoring":"","metric":"","size":"","answer_access":"","license":"","citation":"","maintainer":"","released":"","why_hard":"","related":[],"history":"","construction":"","limitations":"","saturation":"","scores":[]}},"task_id":"055df8a8-7df0-51c6-a023-1491c35fc66e","task_key":"all--test--055df8a8-7df0-51c6-a023-1491c35fc66e","task_revision_id":"1","upstream_id":"","short_description":"What factors facilitated the institutional innovation of security studies?","config":"all","split":"test","body":"{\"choices\":\"['The need for civilian expertise, a need driven by technological developments, resulted in a shift from targeted development of fast-changing technologies to deployment of a given technology.', 'Theory was necessary because nuclear technology was inherently more empirical, seen as what would be controlled by the bottom line of probable occurrences in a given conflict situation - the game of deterrence.', 'Broader political considerations about the potential implications of long-term mobilization resulted in a shift from tactical operations to long-term strategy.', 'The combination of nuclear weapons and Cold War political considerations required a highly cohesive, strong military leadership to coordinate economic, political and military planning.']\",\"question\":\"What factors facilitated the institutional innovation of security studies?\",\"subject\":\"security_studies\"}","display_format":"text","language":"","answer_status":"published","assets":[],"source_url":"https://github.com/hendrycks/test","history":"initial import","indexing_mode":"index","subproblems":[],"grids":[]}