{"kind":"task","effective_mode":"full","benchmark":{"kind":"benchmark","effective_mode":"full","slug":"mmlu","formal_name":"MMLU","introduction":"MMLU asks four-way multiple-choice questions across 57 subjects, from elementary material to professional-level examinations. Since 2020 it has been the most widely cited single reference point for general capability.","introduction_ja":"","introduction_en":"","category":"Category not supplied","task_count":null,"acquisition_status":"Acquisition status not supplied","official_url":"https://github.com/hendrycks/test","indexing_mode":"index","profile":{"resources":[],"task_format":"","scoring":"","metric":"","size":"","answer_access":"","license":"","citation":"","maintainer":"","released":"","why_hard":"","related":[],"history":"","construction":"","limitations":"","saturation":"","scores":[]}},"task_id":"1557a686-e0ce-5098-b808-151d51330e73","task_key":"all--test--1557a686-e0ce-5098-b808-151d51330e73","task_revision_id":"1","upstream_id":"","short_description":"Which of the following statements are true concerning maximum likelihood (ML)…","config":"all","split":"test","body":"{\"choices\":\"['(ii) and (iv) only', '(i) and (iii) only', '(i), (ii), and (iii) only', '(i), (ii), (iii), and (iv)']\",\"question\":\"Which of the following statements are true concerning maximum likelihood (ML) estimation in the context of GARCH models?\\n\\ni) Maximum likelihood estimation selects the parameter values that maximise the\\n\\nprobability that we would have actually observed the values of the series y that we\\n\\nactually did.\\n\\n\\nii) GARCH models can only be estimated by ML and not by OLS\\n\\n\\niii) For estimation of a standard linear model (with no GARCH), the OLS and ML\\n\\nestimates for the slope and intercept parameters will be identical but the estimator\\n\\nfor the variance of the disturbances is slightly different\\n\\n\\niv) Most computer packages use numerical procedures to estimate GARCH models\\n\\nrather than a set of analytical formulae\",\"subject\":\"econometrics\"}","display_format":"text","language":"","answer_status":"published","assets":[],"source_url":"https://github.com/hendrycks/test","history":"initial import","indexing_mode":"index","subproblems":[],"grids":[]}