{"kind":"task","effective_mode":"full","benchmark":{"kind":"benchmark","effective_mode":"full","slug":"boolq","formal_name":"BoolQ","introduction":"BoolQ pairs naturally occurring yes/no questions from search queries with a passage that decides them. The format is simple, but the inference it needs is consistently heavier than it looks.","introduction_ja":"","introduction_en":"","category":"Category not supplied","task_count":null,"acquisition_status":"Acquisition status not supplied","official_url":"https://github.com/google-research-datasets/boolean-questions","indexing_mode":"index","profile":{"resources":[],"task_format":"","scoring":"","metric":"","size":"","answer_access":"","license":"","citation":"","maintainer":"","released":"","why_hard":"","related":[],"history":"","construction":"","limitations":"","saturation":"","scores":[]}},"task_id":"192f0efa-bbda-572b-844a-8395013b075b","task_key":"default--validation--192f0efa-bbda-572b-844a-8395013b075b","task_revision_id":"1","upstream_id":"","short_description":"does passive transport go against the concentration gradient","config":"default","split":"validation","body":"{\"passage\":\"Diffusion is the net movement of material from an area of high concentration to an area with lower concentration. The difference of concentration between the two areas is often termed as the concentration gradient, and diffusion will continue until this gradient has been eliminated. Since diffusion moves materials from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, it is described as moving solutes ``down the concentration gradient'' (compared with active transport, which often moves material from area of low concentration to area of higher concentration, and therefore referred to as moving the material ``against the concentration gradient''). However, in many cases (e.g. passive drug transport) the driving force of passive transport can not be simplified to the concentration gradient. If there are different solutions at the two sides of the membrane with different equilibrium solubility of the drug, the difference in degree of saturation is the driving force of passive membrane transport. It is also true for supersaturated solutions which are more and more important owing to the spreading of the application of amorphous solid dispersions for drug bioavailability enhancement.\",\"question\":\"does passive transport go against the concentration gradient\"}","display_format":"text","language":"","answer_status":"published","assets":[],"source_url":"https://github.com/google-research-datasets/boolean-questions","history":"initial import","indexing_mode":"index","subproblems":[],"grids":[]}