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MMLU-Pro / 1243 / Under the authority of a federal voting rights statute, some states drew…

Problem

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question

Under the authority of a federal voting rights statute, some states drew congressional districts in a manner calculated to increase the likelihood that members of historically disadvantaged minority racial groups would be elected. The U.S. Supreme Court declared these districts to be unconstitutional, as improper racial gerrymanders. In response to this ruling, Congress passed a new statute that explicitly denies the Supreme Court appellate jurisdiction over all future cases challenging the constitutionality of action taken under the authority of the federal voting rights statute. Which of the following is the most persuasive argument for the constitutionality of the new statute restricting the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction?

category

law

options

  1. The constitutional principle of separation of powers authorizes Congress to pass statutes calculated to reduce the effects of Supreme Court decisions that interfere with the exercise of powers that have been delegated to the legislative branch.
  2. Article III of the Constitution explicitly states that the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction is subject to such exceptions and regulations as Congress shall make.
  3. The Tenth Amendment provides that powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution are reserved for the states, and this includes the power to limit the Supreme Court's jurisdiction.
  4. The Constitution provides Congress with the power to create laws, and this includes the power to limit the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
  5. The Fifteenth Amendment authorizes Congress to enforce the amendment's voting rights provisions by appropriate legislation, and Congress could reasonably determine that this restriction on the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction is an appropriate means to that end.
  6. The Constitution allows Congress to make laws that are necessary and proper for carrying into execution its powers, and this includes the power to limit the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
  7. The establishment and apportionment of congressional districts directly affect interstate commerce, and the Constitution authorizes Congress to use its plenary authority over such commerce for any purpose it believes will promote the general welfare.
  8. The Fourteenth Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law and allows Congress to enforce this provision through appropriate legislation, including restricting the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction.
  9. The separation of powers in the Constitution permits Congress to limit the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction in order to maintain a balance of power among the three branches of government.
  10. As the highest court in the land, the Supreme Court must adhere to the laws set forth by Congress, which includes any restrictions on its appellate jurisdiction.

src

ori_mmlu-professional_law

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Source and history

upstream_id / Original problem ID
1243
task_id
e375c195-a66f-5efc-8220-52bcd9ef93ee
task_key
default--test--1243
task_revision_id
1
config / split
default / test

Official source

initial import