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MMLU / Has TNC become a national security threat?

Problem

Answer published by the source. Consult the official source to check your work against its answer.

question

Has TNC become a national security threat?

choices

  1. Transnational crime is regarded as a threat to economic development. Organized crime is seen as a threat to development insofar as it undermines the rule of law and deters foreign investment by increasing the level of insecurity in the host communities. Additionally, criminals often reinvest their proceeds in the legal economy and have unfair advantage through access to cheap capital and their ability to intimidate commercial adversaries. In societies with high levels of TNC, legitimate investors are often reluctant to commit resources.
  2. TNC undermines democratic stability. In many states, transnational criminal enterprises have taken advantage of the instability that has accompanied the democratic transitions to post communist societies, using their influence in the upper reaches of the state and thus shielding themselves from law enforcement. The corruption of public institutions and the perceived inefficacy of the rule of law in new democracies contribute to undermining public confidence in and loyalty to the new regime.
  3. The ability of transnational crime to evade state border controls and provide new avenues for the illicit transportation of goods and persons challenges the state's ability to exercise its core functions as guarantor of national sovereignty, the monopolization over the control of force, and as the provider of the common good. TNC criminal activities corrupt and undermine numerous state agencies, providing mechanisms by which their activities can affect the very nature of government and state policy in the host countries.
  4. All of the above are correct.

subject

security_studies

Discussion

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Source and history

task_id
0c8c01e6-eb4c-55cd-a47e-5f5986772eb4
task_key
all--test--0c8c01e6-eb4c-55cd-a47e-5f5986772eb4
task_revision_id
1
config / split
all / test

Official source

initial import