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MMLU / Which of the following best explains why the ionization of atoms can occur…

Problem

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question

Which of the following best explains why the ionization of atoms can occur during photoelectron spectroscopy, even though ionization is not a thermodynamically favored process?

choices

  1. It is an exothermic process due to the release of energy as an electron is liberated from the Coulombic attraction holding it to the nucleus.
  2. The entropy of the system increases due to the separation of the electron from its atom.
  3. Energy contained in the light can be used to overcome the Coulombic attraction between electrons and the nucleus.
  4. The products of the ionization are at a lower energy state than the reactants.

subject

high_school_chemistry

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