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This question refers to the following information.
Gunpowder Weaponry: Europe vs. China
In Western Europe during the 1200s through the 1400s, early cannons, as heavy and as slow to fire as they were, proved useful enough in the protracted sieges that dominated warfare during this period that governments found it sufficiently worthwhile to pay for them and for the experimentation that eventually produced gunpowder weapons that were both more powerful and easier to move. By contrast, China, especially after the mid-1300s, was threatened mainly by highly mobile steppe nomads, against whom early gunpowder weapons, with their unwieldiness, proved of little utility. It therefore devoted its efforts to the improvement of horse archer units who could effectively combat the country's deadliest foe.
What traditional view of world history does this passage seem to challenge?

choices

  1. That China has always been less technologically adept than most Afro-Eurasian societies
  2. That China's rigid form of dictatorial rule suppressed any spirit of military or technological innovation
  3. That China was hindered by religious fundamentalism when it came to modernizing efforts
  4. That China was surpassed by Europe in global power because it turned a blind eye to the obvious benefits of technological change

subject

high_school_world_history

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